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Title: SOCIO-RELIGIOUS CULTURAL REFORM MOVEMENTS IN PROMOTING EDUCATION IN PUNJAB
Authors: Ms Gurpreet Kaur
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Ms Gurpreet Kaur Research Scholar (Education), Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh
MLA 8 Kaur, Ms Gurpreet. "SOCIO-RELIGIOUS CULTURAL REFORM MOVEMENTS IN PROMOTING EDUCATION IN PUNJAB." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, vol. 6, no. 10, Oct. 2021, pp. 3858-3870, doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2021.v06i10.016. Accessed Oct. 2021. APA 6 Kaur, M. (2021, October). SOCIO-RELIGIOUS CULTURAL REFORM MOVEMENTS IN PROMOTING EDUCATION IN PUNJAB. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 6(10), 3858-3870. Retrieved from doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2021.v06i10.016 Chicago Kaur, Ms Gurpreet. "SOCIO-RELIGIOUS CULTURAL REFORM MOVEMENTS IN PROMOTING EDUCATION IN PUNJAB." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research 6, no. 10 (October 2021), 3858-3870. Accessed October, 2021. doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2021.v06i10.016.
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Abstract: The present paper studies the role of the socio-religious cultural reform movements in colonial Punjab in the expansion and spread of education. As the Britisher’s initiated a number of reforms in education by Acts such as Charles Act (1813), Macaulay’s Minute (1835), Woods Despatch (1854), Punjab Education Department (1856), Indian Education Commission (1882-1883), Indian University Commission (1902 and 1904) in primary and higher education but reformers of that period were not happy with idea of Christian instruction in the schools and government institutions. The BrahmoSamaj, the Dev Samaj, the AryaSamaj, Singh Sabha Movement, the KhalsaDewan, Anjuman-i-Punjab, Anjuman-i- Himayat-i-Islamiya (society for the defence of Islam) all were directed towards the education of the inhabitants of Punjab; as Punjab was lagging behind than other Presidencies of Bombay, Calcutta, Madras etc. With the efforts of reformers and movements, British (colonial) Punjab emerged as the victorious in providing education to its masses with the establishment of Government College Lahore then Panjab University Lahore (1882), Khalsa College Amritsar (1892), DAV college Lahore (1889) and Jalandhar (1918), Guru Nanak Khalsa College Gujranwala (1917), Hans Raj KanyaMahaVidyalya (1918) and a number of primary and high schools were opened in Punjab. There was a great disparity in equity and access among the various communities (Hindus, Mohammedans and Sikhs) residing in Punjab; especially the Mohammedan community was lagging behind in education. The reform movements tried to bridge the gap in access to education among the different strata’s of the society and started a mass movement for education.

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